Agnuside Alleviates Synovitis and Fibrosis in Knee Osteoarthritis through the Inhibition of HIF-1α and NLRP3 Inflammasome

Figure 2

Agnuside may inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviate synovitis in KOA Rats. (a) mRNA levels of caspase-1, ASC, and NLRP3 in each group. , in comparison with the normal group. ^#, in comparison with the KOA group. (b) Typical protein bands for each group. (c) Protein level comparison of pro-caspase-1, caspase-1, p10, ASC, and NLRP3 between groups. , , compared with the normal group. ^##, compared with the KOA group. (d) Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 between groups. , , compared with the normal group. ^#, compared with the KOA group. (e) Representative synovial tissues of each group stained with stained with HE staining, 200x,  μm. (f) Synovitis score according to Kenn’s criteria. , compared with the normal group. ^##, compared with the KOA group.

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