Simvastatin Inhibits CYR61 Expression in Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Ophthalmopathy through the Regulation of FoxO3a Signaling

Figure 6

Simvastatin inhibits TNF-α-induced FoxO3a translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. (a) Immunofluorescence staining of cultured GO orbital fibroblasts stimulated with 20 ng/ml TNF-α for 15 min with or without a 1 h pretreatment with 10 μM simvastatin. It revealed increased FoxO3a expression (green) in the cytoplasm upon TNF-α stimulation. The cytoplasmic translocation of FoxO3a induced by TNF-α was inhibited by simvastatin. (b) The percentage of cells in which FoxO3a was exclusively located in the nucleus (black bars), exclusively in the cytoplasm (white bars), or diffuse in the nucleus and the cytoplasm (gray bars) is shown. The statistical analysis of FoxO3a in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm was performed. .

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