Mediators of Inflammation

Research Article

Prognostic Value of Albumin-to-Fibrinogen Ratio for 28-Day Mortality among Patients with Sepsis from Various Infection Sites

Table 3

Risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.


Variables	Univariable		Multivariable
Variables	HR (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value

Age	1.01 (0.99, 1.02)	0.200	1.01 (0.98, 1.03)	0.645
Gender (female)	0.66 (0.41, 1.07)	0.090	0.80 (0.35, 1.80)	0.588
Chronic lung disease (yes vs. no)	3.68 (0.99, 13.64)	0.052	5.55 (0.66, 46.59)	0.114
Heart rate (per minute)	1.02 (1.01, 1.03)	<0.001	0.99 (0.98, 1.01)	0.512
Respiratory rate (per minute)	1.08 (1.05, 1.13)	<0.001	1.01 (0.95, 1.08)	0.768
Mean atrial pressure (mmHg)	0.99 (0.98, 1.00)	0.082	1.00 (0.98, 1.02)	0.732
Mechanical ventilation (yes vs. no)	2.16 (1.34, 3.49)	0.002	1.75 (0.80, 3.82)	0.162
Septic shock (yes vs. no)	27.43 (6.50, 115.76)	<0.001	21.44 (2.51, 182.76)	0.005
APACHE II score	1.25 (1.19, 1.32)	<0.001	1.18 (1.07, 1.30)	<0.001
SOFA score	1.28 (1.19, 1.36)	<0.001	1.03 (0.91, 1.16)	0.616
GCS score	0.75 (0.70, 0.81)	<0.001	0.92 (0.81, 1.05)	0.197
Site of infection	—	—	—	—
Respiratory infection (yes vs. no)	1.0 (reference)	—	1.0 (reference)	—
Genitourinary infection (yes vs. no)	0.91 (0.35, 2.38)	0.854	—	—
Gastrointestinal infection (yes vs. no)	0.69 (0.34, 1.37)	0.287	—	—
Bloodstream infection (yes vs. no)	1.18 (0.58, 2.39)	0.650	—	—
Hepatobiliary infection (yes vs. no)	4386905 (0, ∞)	0.988	—	—
Central nervous infection (yes vs. no)	4386905 (0, ∞)	0.988	—	—
Unknown (yes vs. no)	0.36 (0.19,0.69)	0.002	0.81 (0.26, 2.51)	0.708
pH	0.004 (0.001, 0.029)	<0.001	0.35 (0.01, 11.65)	0.556
Lactic acid (mmol/L)	1.42 (1.28, 1.58)	<0.001	1.27 (1.08, 1.50)	0.005
BUN (mmol/L)	1.06 (1.03, 1.09)	<0.001	1.04 (0.98, 1.09)	0.163
Creatinine (μmol/L)	1.002 (1.000, 1.003)	0.007	1.00 (0.99, 1.0)	0.068
Albumin (g/L)	0.92 (0.88, 0.96)	<0.001	—	—
Fibrinogen (g/L)	1.52 (1.29, 1.80)	<0.001	—	—
AFR	0.84 (0.79, 0.90)	<0.001	0.70 (0.62, 0.80)	<0.001

APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; AFR: albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; indicates statistical significance.