Hepatoprotective Role of 4-Octyl Itaconate in Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis

Figure 6

OI mitigated Con A-induced activation of NF-𝜅B activation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. (a) OI administration reduced Con A-induced NF-𝜅B p65 nuclear translocation by immunofluorescence in RAW264.7 cells. (b) Immunoblots of NF-𝜅B p65, phosphate-p65 (p-p65), IκB-α, and phosphate-IκB-α (p-IκB-α) in RAW264.7 in each group. The relative expression of (c) p-p65/NF-𝜅B p65 ratio and (d) p-IκB-α/IκB-α ratio was analyzed in each group. (e) Western blot showed the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1. The levels of cytokines including (f) TNF-α, (g) IL-1β, and (h) IL-6 in supernatant were measured. GAPDH was used for endogenous control. White arrow showed positive nuclear translocation cells. All tests were independently performed three times. vs. control group; ^# vs. Con A group. Data are expressed as .

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