The Role of Noncoding RNA in Airway Allergic Diseases through Regulation of T Cell Subsets

Figure 1

The interaction between innate and adaptive cells and type 2 inflammatory mediators underlies the pathophysiology of airway allergic disease. Disruption of the epithelium allows infiltration of viruses, bacteria, or allergens, activating innate and adaptive immune responses. Antigen presentation by dendritic cells activates the differentiation of naive T-helper cells (Th0 cell) to Th2 and Th17 cells and attenuates the differentiation to Th1 and Treg cells, immediately followed by the release of cytokines from Th2 and Th17 cells, leading to eosinophil recruitment, migration, and IgE production, and ultimately to the development of airway remodeling.