Smurf1 Facilitates Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis of Ligamentum Flavum by Promoting Nrf2 Ubiquitination and Degradation

Figure 1

Fibrosis was upregulated in LF tissues from HLF patients. (a) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows axial views of the lumbar spinal canal in the LDH and HLF patients. (b) Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA mRNA levels in the LDH and HLF patients were assessed by qRT-PCR (). . (c, d) Collagen I, Collagen III, and α-SMA protein expression in the LDH and HLF patients was assessed by western-blot and IHC (). , .

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