Protease-Activated Receptor-2 and Phospholipid Metabolism Analysis in Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Injury

Figure 1

(a) Schematic representation of the experimental workflow. (b) Bodyweight of each group 0, 4, and 10 weeks after model establishment (n = 20). (c) Uric acid, creatinine, BUN, KIM-1, NGAL levels, and XOD activity of rat’s serum after 4-week administration of adenine and ethambutol in the normal control and HU groups (n = 20). (d) Representative images of HE staining. The red arrows show tubular lumen dilatation and tubular epithelial cell necrosis. The yellow arrows show the brown crystals. The blue arrows show the inflammatory cells. The green arrows show glomerular damage. (e) The tubular injury and inflammatory cell infiltration score for HE staining. Data are presented as means ± standard deviation. ns, not significant. . NC, normal control; HU, hyperuricemia; XOD, xanthine oxidase; UA, uric acid; Cr, creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1.

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