Regulatory Mechanism of M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases

Table 3

lncRNAs involved in regulating macrophage polarization.

lncRNA	Organism	Cell	Target	Function	Ref.
lncRNA GAS5	Human	Macrophages	CCL1	Promotes M2 macrophage polarization	[80]
lncRNA RN7SK	Human	Macrophages	P-TEFb	Promotes M2 macrophage polarization, negatively regulates antigen uptake/processing and bacterial phagocytosis	[80]
lncRNA ANCR	Mouse	Macrophages	FOXO1	Reduces the level of IL-6 and IL-1β in cells, inhibits M1 macrophage polarization	[81]
lncRNA Mirt2	Mouse	Macrophages	TRAF6	Inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways and inhibits M1 macrophage polarization	[82]
lncRNA FAO	Mouse	Macrophages	HADHB subunit	Promotes M2 macrophage polarization, inhibits proinflammatory cytokines	[83]
lncRNA GBP9	Mouse	Bone marrow-derived macrophages	SOCS3	Inhibits the STAT6 pathway, promotes M1 macrophage polarization	[84]
lncRNA GAS5	Mouse	Microglia	TRF2	Induces the polarization of macrophages to M2	[85]
lncRNA260	Rat	Macrophages	Interleukin-28 receptor α	Activates the JAK-STAT and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways to promote M2 macrophage polarization	[86]