Optimization Manufacture of Virus- and Tumor-Specific T Cells

Table 1

Suitability and properties of different culture vessels for T cell expansion.

Cell culture vessels	Gas exchange	Volume of media	Cell concentration	Disadvantages	Advantages
Multiwell plates/flasks (static cultures)	Limited	Limited: low ratio of medium to surface area	Low	High risk of contamination	Suitable for small-scale cell production
				Extensive processing time
				Frequent interventions
				Not scalable
Gas-permeable bags (static cultures)	Good	Limited: low ratio of medium to surface area	Medium	Low output per bag requires constant culture maintenance	Sterility of closed system
				Limited microscopic cell examination
				Not linearly scalable from research to production
G-Rex (gas-permeable static cultures)	Excellent	Unrestricted: high ratio of medium to surface area	High	Limited microscopic cell examination	Excellent O2 exchange
					Linearly scalable from research to large-scale production
					Significantly reduced culture manipulation
					Compatible with closed system
Wave action bioreactors with CO2/O2 aeration & pH controllers (dynamic cultures)	Good	Unrestricted: high medium capacity in each bag	High	Complex, costly, requires special equipment.	Excellent O2 exchange yields large cell numbers
				Not well suited to coculture stage of CTL production
				Requires constant culture maintenance. Limited microscopic cell examination	Closed system
				Not linearly scalable from research to large-scale production