Stem Cells International

Review Article

Advances in Cell Transplantation Therapy for Diseased Myocardium

Table 2

Cell types and delivery methods in cardiac functional outcome.
Cell injection to myocardium
ModelCell type×106 cellsFunctionRemarks 
MouseBMSC0.0175–0.1↑Regeneration[1]
RatBMSC10↑Arrhythmogenicity[24]
RatBMSC20↑[23]
RatCM0.2↑Regeneration[6]
RatCM5…Cell washout[16]
RatMyoblast1↑Improved exercise capacity[28]
RatMyoblast2.3↑[29]
RatMyoblast10↑Arrhythmogenicity[23]
RabbitFB↑ diastolic, ↓systolic performance[30]
RabbitMyoblast ↑ [30]
SheepMyoblast…↑ [31]
SwineBMSC100…Cell washout[17]
SwineBMSC100…High cell homing[25]
Vascular infusion
ModelCell type×106 cellsFunctionRemarks  
MouseBMSC20…Regeneration[3]
RatBMSC10↑[24]
SwineBMSC100…Cell washout[25]
Cell sheets
ModelCell typeNr of sheetsFunctionRemarks  
HamsterMyoblast2 layers↑Higher life expectancy[32]
RatAdMSCMonolayer↑Paracrine pathways—angiogenesis[33]
RatAdMSCMonolayer↑ [34]
RatCM, SCMonolayer↑Cell survival, proliferation, differentiation[35]
RatCM, EC“Monolayer”↑Higher vessel density[36]
RatCM2 monolayers↑Integration of graft and myocardium[37]
RatCMBilayer  Functional integration[26]
RatCM3 monolayers…Integration of graft and myocardium[38]
RatCM3 monolayers…Thick grafts, multiple surgeries[39]
RatFB, EC3 monolayers↑Less fibrosis[40]
RatMyoblast1–5 monolayers↑Dose-response[41]
RatMyoblast2 monolayers↑Less fibrosis, remodeling[27]
RatMyoblast2 layers↑Less fibrosis, higher vessel density[42]
RatMyoblast2 × 5 layers↑Higher vessel density[43]
RatMyoblast2 × 5 layers↑Paracrine pathways— angiogenesis[44]
SwineMyoblast2–10 layers↑[45]
AdMSC: adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell, BMSC: bone marrow stem cell, CM: cardiomyocyte, EC: endothelial cell, FB: fibroblast, SC: stromal cell.