Engaging Stem Cells for Customized Tendon Regeneration

Table 2

(a) Dermal scaffolds for tendon and ligament augmentation. (b) Synthetic scaffolds for tendon and ligament augmentation.

(a)

Scaffold	Composition	Status	Support for growth factor release?
Matrix xenografts
Restore	Porcine SIS	FDA approved	Yes (TGF-β, VEGF, FGF-2)
CuffPatch	Porcine SIS	FDA approved	Yes (EGF, TGF-β, FGF)
TissueMend	Bovine dermal extracellular matrix	FDA approved	No
Zimmer collagen repair patch	Porcine acellular dermal matrix	FDA approved	No
Permacol	Porcine acellular dermal matrix	FDA approved	No
Conexa	Porcine acellular dermal matrix	Experimental	No
Matrix allografts
GraftJacket	Human acellular dermal matrix	FDA approved	Yes

(b)

Scaffold	Status	Support for growth factor release?
Non degradable synthetic polymers
Polyethylene terephthalate (Stryker-Dacron)	FDA approved	No
Polypropylene (Kennedy Ligament Augmentation Device)	FDA approved	Yes
Poly(tetrafluoro ethylene) (GoreTex)	FDA approved	Yes
Biodegradable Synthetic Polymers
Polylactic acid	FDA approved	Yes
Polyglycolic acid	FDA approved	Yes
Poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)	FDA approved	Yes
Polydioxanone	FDA approved	No
Polycaprolactone	FDA approved	Yes
Hydrothane/PET	FDA approved
x-Repair Device (poly-L-lactide)	FDA approved	Yes
Hyaluronan-based non woven mesh (HYAFF11)	Experimental	Yes
Electrochemically aligned collagen matrices (ELAC)	Experimental	No
Poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate)	Experimental	Yes
Nanofiber matrices
Peptide Amphiphiles	Experimental	Yes