Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines

Table 3

The details and number of studies included in this qualitative review.

Dental stem cell source	In vivo	In vitro	Both in vivo and in vitro
Dental papilla	0	1	0
Apical papilla	0	4	4
Dental follicle	1	6	3
Neural crest	0	1	0
Gingiva	2	0	1
Dental pulp of exfoliated deciduous teeth	5	5	2
Dental pulp of deciduous/permanent teeth	14	29	6
Periodontal ligament	16	19	6
Multiple dental source	3	7	2