All-Trans Retinoic Acid Improves the Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis: An In Vitro Study

Figure 2

The proliferation rate of CD4+ T lymphocytes incubated with CFSE. (a) Nonactivated T cells were used as controls. (b) When stimulated by CD3/28, the proliferation rate of CD4+ T cells was extremely high (%). When cocultured with MSCs, the proliferation of CD3/28-stimulated CD4+ T cells was inhibited, but a slightly higher proliferation rate was observed in ATRA-pretreated MSCs (%) than that in DMSO-pretreated MSCs (%). One-way ANOVA was used. and .

(a)

(b)