Effects of Naringin on Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Figure 5

Proliferation of hPDLSCs stimulated by naringin. Data were shown as the mean ± SD (). is compared with control group, . # indicates no significant difference. There is no significant difference between the blank control and the treatment group at the concentration of 10 nM naringin. At day 4, with an over 20% increase in proliferation rate, the difference between the blank control and the treatment group was significant () when naringin concentration was increased to 100 nM. The treatment group consistently exhibited a significant increase in proliferation rate over the blank control () at the concentration of 1 μM naringin. However, when we further increased naringin concentration up to 100 μM, we found a detrimental effect.