Research Article

Genetic Comparison of Stemness of Human Umbilical Cord and Dental Pulp

Table 3

Representative differentially expressed genes with higher expression levels in dental pulp tissue than in umbilical cord.

Functional categoryGene symbolBiological processAccession numberAbsolute fold change

Biomineral tissue developmentPHEXBone and dentin mineralizationNM_000444160.01
DMP1Bone and dentin mineralizationNM_00440799.20
CALB1Hydroxyapatite formationNM_00492998.07
MMP20Regulation of enamel mineralization, proteolysisNM_00477185.26
AMBNBone mineralization, odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_01651965.69
DSPPOdontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_01420841.26
ALPLBiomineral tissue developmentNM_00047814.83
DLX1Odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_1781209.55
LHX8Odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_0010019337.56
CA2Odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_0000677.07
RUNX2Ossification, osteoblast differentiationNM_0010246306.53
LEF1Odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_0162696.24
PAX9Tooth developmentNM_0061945.79
MSX1Odontogenesis, craniofacial developmentNM_0024484.04
WNT10ARegulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing toothNM_0252163.87

Developmental processDLX5Osteoblast differentiationNM_00522130.01
DLX3Multicellular organismal developmentNM_00522026.13
ADAM22Proteolysis, central nervous system developmentNM_02172325.00
NESCentral nervous system developmentNM_00661715.67
BMP7Ossification, organ morphogenesisNM_00171915.60
BMPR1BSkeletal system development, cartilage condensationNM_00120313.53
MSX2Skeletal system development, osteoblast differentiationNM_0024499.32
COL11A2Skeletal system morphogenesis, cartilage development, palate developmentNM_0011637718.55
BMP5Skeletal system development, ossificationNM_0210736.08
TBX3Blood vessel development, in utero embryonic developmentNM_0165695.93
MBPCentral nervous system development, myelinationNM_0010251014.95
DLX6Multicellular organismal development, nervous system developmentNM_0052224.12
NRCAMAxonogenesis, central nervous system developmentNM_0011935824.09
SNAI1Osteoblast differentiation, mesoderm formationNM_0059853.78
HLFMulticellular organismal development, rhythmic processNM_0021263.23
BMP2Development of bone and cartilageNM_0012002.11

Physiological processTFControlling iron concentrations, erythropoiesisNM_001063153.98
SCN7ASodium ion transport, muscle contractionNM_00297682.36
APODLipid metabolic processNM_00164741.22
PLATResponse to hypoxia, blood coagulationNM_00093010.20
CD52Elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentrationNM_0018034.29
CYGBResponse to oxidative stress, oxygen transportNM_1342683.98
MYOTMuscle contractionNM_0067903.26

Signal transduction and regulationWIF1Wnt receptor signaling pathwayNM_00719170.19
PTNTransmembrane receptor protein signaling pathwayNM_00282538.17
WNT5AOncogenesis, embryogenesisNM_00339213.68
NCAM1Neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticityNM_1813517.87
NCAM2Neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticityNM_0045407.38
RASGRF2Induction of apoptosis by extracellular signalsNM_0069096.88
CHN1Signal transductionNM_0018226.56
METCell surface receptor linked signaling pathwayNM_0011275003.01

Cell regulation and proliferationSCINNegative regulation of cell proliferationNM_00111270658.65
RELNCell morphogenesis involved in differentiationNM_00504549.12
NESStructural organization of the cellNM_00661715.67
MEGF10PhagocytosisNM_0324469.89
EPCAMPositive regulation of cell proliferationNM_0023548.79
PDGFDPositive regulation of cell divisionNM_0252085.43
CLUCell death, positive regulation of cell proliferationNM_0018315.19
VEGFCAngiogenesis, positive regulation of neuroblast proliferationNM_0054293.74
MSI2Stem cell developmentNM_1389623.55
DBC1Cell cycle arrest, cell deathNM_0146183.32
TGFB1Cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosisNM_0006603.14
IGFBP6Regulation of cell growthNM_0021783.07

Cytokine, chemokine, and immune responseIGJImmune responseNM_14464622.65
IGHDImmune responseBC02127611.30
CXCL14Chemotaxis, immune response, inhibiting angiogenesisNM_0048878.74
SELELeukocyte migration involved in inflammatory responseNM_0004505.82
MX1Induction of apoptosis, defense response, response to virusNM_0024625.24
IFI44Response to virusNM_0064175.05
CX3CL1Chemotaxis, defense response, immune responseNM_0029963.60
CFIInnate immune responseNM_0002043.17