Changes of Bone Turnover Markers in Long Bone Nonunions Treated with a Regenerative Approach

Figure 1

(a) Syringe containing the 1-2 mm MBCP+ granules (5 ml) and (b) scanning electron microscopy picture of the material macroporosity (×30 magnification). (c) Monolayer of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells after expansion (alkaline phosphatase cytochemical staining, ×4 magnification). (d) The MSC/MBCP+ mixture is injected into the nonunion fracture site.