Changes of Bone Turnover Markers in Long Bone Nonunions Treated with a Regenerative Approach

Figure 5

The graphs show the median and range (25th to 75th percentile) of BTM changes from visit 1 (V1), chosen as the baseline value, to visit 6 (V6). For each bone marker, the variation index recorded during the follow-up has been considered according to the final outcome. (a) BAP, bone alkaline phosphatase; (b) PICP, C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen; (c) int-OC, intact osteocalcin; (d) N-mid OC, N-terminal/midregion osteocalcin; (e) OPG, osteoprotegerin; (f) RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand; (g) CTX, cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen.

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