Methotrexate and Valproic Acid Affect Early Neurogenesis of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells from Myelomeningocele

<div>Morphological and fluorescence activated cell-sorting (FACS) analysis of MMC-AFSCs and healthy AFSCs<i>.</i> (a) Microscopy images from MMC-AFSCs and healthy AFSCs before neural induction process. Scale bar = 100 <i>μ</i>m. (b) Representative flow cytometry plots and histograms from MMC-AFSCs and healthy AFSCs for the expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, CD73, CD90, CD117, and CD105. (c) Cell surface expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, CD73, CD90, CD117, and CD105 determined in MMC-AFSC and healthy AFSC populations by flow cytometry analysis, shown as percentage. <svg height="8.8423pt" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.2064009pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 32.2343 8.8423" width="32.2343pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M822 650H589L583 622C660 617 677 607 674 561C672 534 664 481 647 390L600 137H596L273 650H126L120 622C176 620 194 615 207 594C221 571 225 557 214 504L161 257C141 166 129 112 121 85C108 42 83 30 29 28L23 0H260L266 28C193 33 173 42 176 89C178 122 186 172 202 255L256 527H259L583 -8H612L690 390C708 481 720 535 728 558C744 603 756 619 816 622L822 650Z" id="g113-79"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.542,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z" id="g117-34"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.805,0)"><path d="M456 178V225H360V632H320C217 496 115 347 20 206V178H280V106C280 40 276 34 189 27V0H445V27C364 34 360 39 360 106V178H456ZM280 225H82C149 335 214 431 278 520H280V225Z" id="g113-53"></path></g></svg> and values are indicated as mean ± SD. NS, not significant.</div>

Stem Cells International

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Methotrexate and Valproic Acid Affect Early Neurogenesis of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells from Myelomeningocele 