Cobalt Chloride Enhances the Anti-Inflammatory Potency of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through the ERK-HIF-1α-MicroRNA-146a-Mediated Signaling Pathway

Figure 1

Cobalt chloride (CoCl₂) stimulates the immunomodulation of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs). (a and b) The immunogenicity of hUCB-MSCs was assessed using the MLR assay. Allogeneic hPBMCs were cocultured with hUCB-MSCs. The proliferation of responding cells was assessed using the MLR assay. PGE₂ (c), TNF-α (d), and IFN-γ (e) levels in the MLR culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. Data represent the , ; . P: hPBMCs; P: allogeneic hPBMCs as stimulator; H: phytohemagglutinin; MSC: naïve hUCB-MSCs; CoMSC: CoCl₂-pretreated hUCB-MSCs.

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