|
| Material | Crosslink chemistry | Effect on cell lineages |
|
| Natural | Collagen I | pH-sensitive crosslinking
Temperature
Photopolymerization | Pluripotency [21]
Neural [3] |
| Gelatin | Photopolymerization
Temperature
Passive coating | Osteogenic [1, 22]
Chondrogenesis [9]
Pluripotency [23]
Pancreatic [10]
Retinal [24] |
| Fibrin | Enzymatic crosslinking | Endoderm [25]
Neural [26, 27]
Osteogenic [28] |
| Hyaluronic acid (HA) | Photopolymerization | Pluripotency [29, 30]
Neural [2, 3]
Retinal [24] |
| Cell-derived ECMs/Matrigel | Thermosensitive crosslinking | Pluripotency [31, 32]
Vascular [15, 33]
Neural [4, 32] |
| Chitosan | Photopolymerization | Vascular [34]
Osteogenic [1] |
| Agarose | Thermosensitive hydrogel | Vascular [35] |
| Dextran | Photopolymerization | Vascular [20] |
| Alginate | CaCl2 crosslinking
Photopolymerization | Neural [2]
Retinal [16]
Primordial germ cells [36]
Osteogenic [28] |
| Chondroitin sulfate | Glutaraldehyde crosslinking | Retinal [24] |
| Hydroxyapatite; calcium phosphate | Glutaraldehyde crosslinking
Freeze-dried | Osteogenic [1, 28] |
| RADA16-I/II | Self-assembling peptides | Vascular (cardiac) [37, 38] |
| Synthetic | Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) | Photopolymerization | Neural [11–14]
Vascular [15, 39] |
| Poly(L-lysine) (PLL) | Polyelectrolyte films
EDC crosslinking | Germ lineages [29] |
| Polycaprolactone (PCL) | Electrospinning | Neural [4, 5]
Osteogenic [6]
Chondrogenic [9] |
| Polylactic acid (PLA) | Electrospinning | Definitive endoderm [40] |
| Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) | Electrospinning
Freeze-dried | Neural [7, 8]
Pancreatic [10] |
| N-Isopropylacrylamide gels (NIPAAm) | Thermosensitive hydrogel | Neural [11, 41]
Pluripotency [42] |
|
