Prognostic Factors for Clinical Response in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Treated by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Table 2

Patient’s characteristics divided by CR.

Variables	CR; ()	Without CR; ()	value
Age/years, median (range)	38 (23-54)	30 (20-54)	0.03
SLE duration/months, median (range)	53.5 (13-232)	78 (2-264)	0.33
Female	15 (93.75%)	46 (86.79%)	0.67
Prior SLE medication history
Prednisone daily dose (mg)
≤20	5 (31.25%)	23 (43.4%)	0.39
>20	11 (68.75%)	30 (56.6%)
CYC use	6 (37.5%)	41 (77.4%)	0.003
MMF use	4 (25.0%)	15 (28.3%)	0.80
HCQ use	3 (18.8%)	28 (52.8%)	0.02
LEF use	1 (6.3%)	13 (24.5%)	0.11
Clinical and biological symptoms
Fever	5 (31.3%)	20 (37.7%)	0.64
Rash	12 (75.0%)	32 (60.4%)	0.38
Photosensitivity	10 (62.5%)	23 (43.4%)	0.18
Oral ulcers	4 (25.0%)	8 (15.1%)	0.45
Arthralgia/arthritis	6 (37.5%)	43 (81.1%)	0.001
Serositis	1 (6.3%)	16 (30.2%)	0.09
Vasculitis	5 (31.3%)	9 (17.0%)	0.21
Alopecia	5 (31.3%)	14 (26.4%)	0.70
Renal disorder	14 (87.5%)	50 (94.3%)	0.33
Active lupus nephritis	13 (81.3%)	50 (94.3%)	0.10
lupus nephritis®
Stage III	0 (0%)	2 (20%)	0.63
Stage IV	1 (100%)	5 (50%)
Stage V	0 (0%)	3 (30%)
Neurologic disorder	3 (18.8%)	2 (3.8%)	0.08
Cardiorespiratory disorder	2 (12.5%)	17 (32.1%)	0.20
Hematological disorder	7 (43.8%)	25 (47.2%)	0.81
Immunologic disorder	8 (50.0%)	32 (60.4%)	0.46
Antinuclear antibodies	11 (68.8%)	43 (81.1%)	0.29
Anti-dsDNA	6 (37.5%)	21 (39.6%)	0.88
Anti-Sm	4 (25.0%)	17 (32.1%)	0.76
Anti-SSA	6 (37.5%)	11 (20.8%)	0.17
Anti-SSB	0 (0%)	6 (11.3%)	0.32
Low complement	7 (43.8%)	23 (43.4%)	0.98
CYC induction
CYC induction	7 (43.8%)	35 (66.0%)	0.11
<1.2 g	0 (0%)	3 (8.6%)	0.42
≥1.2 g	7 (100%)	32 (91.4%)
Allo-MSC transplantation
UC-MSCs	10 (62.5%)	41 (77.4%)	0.33
Second MSCs	4 (25.0%)	20 (37.7%)	0.35
SLEDAI median (range)
Baseline	13 (9-34)	13 (8-27)	0.72
M1	6 (4-20)	10 (4-18)	0.01
M3	6 (0-16)	8 (4-14)	0.04
M6	4 (0-8)	7 (3-18)	<0.001
M12	2 (0-8)	6 (4-18)	<0.001

CR: clinical remission; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; Anti-dsDNA: anti-double-stranded DNA antibody; Allo-MSCs: allogenic mesenchymal stem cells; BM: bone marrow-derived; UC: umbilical cord-derived; SLEDAI: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; CYC: cyclophosphamide; MMF: mycophenolate mofetil; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; LEF: leflunomide; M: follow-up months. Fisher test. ®Only for the patients with available kidney biopsy.