The Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Antimelanoma Immunity Depend on the Timing of Their Administration

Figure 2

MSCs, injected 24 h after melanoma induction, significantly enhanced NK and T cell-driven antitumor immunity and suppressed tumor growth and progression. Significantly higher number of NK1.1+NK cells (a), IFN-γ-producing NK cells (b), FasL- and granzyme B-expressing NK cells (c, d), CD4+T cells (e), IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing CD4+Th1 cells (f, g), IL-17-producing CD4+Th17 cells (h), CD8+CTLs (i), and IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing CD8+CTLs (j, k) were noticed in the tumors of B16F10+MSC^1d-treated mice compared to the B16F10+PBS^1d-treated animals. Significantly higher concentration of inflammatory and antitumorigenic cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ (l, m) and significantly lower concentration of immunosuppressive cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 (n, o) were noticed in plasma samples of B16F10+MSC^1d-treated mice compared to B16F10+PBS^1d-treated animals. Values are presented as the ; mice/group. , .

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