Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Modulates RhoA/ROCK Signaling of Rat Mandibular Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Rescue Their Damaged Cytoskeletal Organization and Cell Biological Function Induced by Radiation

Figure 1

The isolation and characterization of rat mandible-derived BMMSCs (M-BMMSCs). (a) The stem cells were isolated from rat mandibular tissues. The rats were immersed in 75% ethanol for 5 min after sacrifice. (A1) The mouths were opened and the mandibles with muscles were revealed after disinfection. (A2) The intact mandibular bones were obtained after the remove of muscles. (A3) The teeth were extracted from the mandibles with tweezers in super clean bench. (A4) A 5 ml syringe with DMEM was used to wash the bone marrow cavity repeatedly, and the flushing solution was collected. (b) Observation of M-BMMSCs at P0 and P1 with the inverted phase contrast microscope (magnification, ×100). (c) Flow cytometric analysis of surface marker expression of M-BMMSCs showed negative expression of CD31 and CD45 while positive expression of CD73, CD90, and CD105 (1.88%, 2.19%, 98.7%, 96.2%, and 97.3%), respectively. (d) Alizarin red staining of M-BMMSCs after induction in osteogenic differentiation medium for 21 d. (e) Oil red O staining of M-BMMSCs after induction in adipogenic differentiation medium for 14 d. Both pictures were observed by using an inverted phase contrast microscope. Scale bars 200 μm.

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