Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicles: A Novel Cell-Free Therapy for Wound Healing

Table 1

Overview of research on the use of CDNs for wound healing.

Cell source	Wound type	Function	Reference
LPS-pretreated hUC-MSCs	Diabetic cutaneous wound	Suppress inflammation and promote healing of diabetic wounds	[63]
H2O2-pretreated ADSCs	Skin flap model: ligation of blood vessels and blood perfusion	Improve the survival rate of animals with skin flaps; promote neovascularization and inhibit inflammation and cell apoptosis	[70]
Salidroside-pretreated mouse MSCs	Diabetic wound	Accelerate reepithelialization and wound closure	[71]
Pioglitazone-pretreated BMSCs	Diabetic wound	Promote angiogenesis and enhance wound repair	[72]
Neonatal serum-pretreated BMSCs	Skin wound healing model	Promote angiogenesis	[73]
Melatonin-pretreated hBMSCs	Rat diabetic wound healing model	Immunosuppressive effects	[38]
hUC-MSCs	Scratch assay and human skin permeation	Accelerate collagen synthesis and cell migration	[74]
hUC-MSCs	Rat burn injury model	Enhance wound closure and inhibit skin cell apoptosis	[2]
hUC-MSCs	Severe burn	Suppress inflammation and promote neovascularization	[75]
hUC-MSCs	Rat model of deep second-degree burn injury	Accelerate angiogenesis	[76]
hiPSCs	UV irradiation damage of human dermal fibroblasts	Ameliorate aging of skin fibroblasts	[77]
hiPSC-MSCs	Rat skin wound model	Promote collagen synthesis and enhance angiogenesis	[50]
Menstrual blood-derived MSCs	Diabetic foot ulcer	Suppress inflammation and accelerate wound healing	[78]
Human fibrocytes	Genetically diabetic ulcers	Enhance angiogenesis and augment keratinocyte proliferation and migration	[46]
Platelet-rich plasma	Rat diabetic wound model	Promote reepithelialization	[79]
Platelets	Ischemic wound healing	Regulate collagen synthesis and restore dermal architecture	[80]
Human dermal fibroblasts	UVB-induced skin photoaging	Reduce skin photoaging and inflammation	[81]
Human endothelial progenitor cells	Rat diabetic wound model	Regulate endothelial function	[82]
Human urine-derived stem cells	Mouse diabetic wound model	Promote the angiogenic activities of endothelial cells	[44]
Macrophage-derived Exos	Diabetic wound model	Promote endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and reepithelialization	[83]
Human amniotic epithelial cells	Rat full-thickness skin wound model	Stimulate fibroblast proliferation and migration; decrease scar formation	[55]
Oral mucosal epithelial cells	Rat full-thickness skin wound model	Proregenerative effects	[84]

Abbreviations: ADSC: adipose-derived MSC; BMSC: bone marrow-derived MSC; hiPSC: human-induced pluripotent stem cell; hUC-MSC: human umbilical cord-derived MSC; LPS: lipopolysaccharide.