Classification and Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms and Applications against Ischemic Stroke

Figure 1

Application of MSCs for ischemic stroke. MSCs can be isolated from the bone marrow, adipose tissue, placenta, and teeth and transplanted to the ischemic brain via intracerebral transplantation, intrathecal administration, intravascular administration, and intranasal administration. MSCs can provide neuroprotection and clinical benefits by inhibiting apoptosis, promoting endogenous repair and angiogenesis, and regulating immune and inflammatory response.