Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Figure 1

Classification of stem cell therapy and stem cell-derived secretome. Autologous stem cell transplantation involves the isolation of stem cells from the patient and infusion back to the same patient during treatment. Whereas in allogeneic stem cell transplantation, stem cells from single or multiple healthy donors are given to the patient. Stem cell secretome consists of bioactive molecules (including growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, extracellular matrix) secreted directly out to the cell microenvironment or encapsulated within the extracellular vesicles that can be classified into three groups: apoptotic bodies which form during cell apoptosis, exosomes as the product of endosome maturation, and microvesicles by outward budding of the plasma membrane (created with BioRender.com).