Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine

Table 3

Cell-free treatment in clinical trials for various diseases.

Target disease	Cell	Clinical trials identifier	Administration	Dosage	Results
COVID-19	MSC-derived exosomes	NCT04491240	Inhalation	exosomes	No observable side effects in 30 days. Improvement in overall treatment is not insignificant compared to standard therapy.
Chronic ulcer	MSC conditioned media	NCT04134676	Topical	Unknown	Not available
Keloid	Umbilical cord-MSC conditioned medium	NCT04326959	Intralesional	1 mL/cm^3	Not available
Knee osteoarthritis	MSC conditioned medium	NCT04314661	Intra-articular injection	2 mL 2 weeks after MSC cells	Not available
SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia	MSC-derived exosomes	NCT04276987	Inhalation	vesicles/3 mL for 5 days	Not available
Multiple organ failures after surgical repair of aortic dissection	MSC-derived exosomes	NCT04356300	Intravenous	150 mg exosomes for 2 weeks	Ongoing
Chronic low back pain	Platelet-rich plasma with exosomes	NCT04849429	Intrathecal	2 mL	Ongoing
Cerebrovascular disorders	MSC-derived exosomes	NCT03384433	Intravenous	Not available	Ongoing
COVID-19	MSC conditioned medium	NCT04753476	Intramuscular	0.5-1 mL (3 doses)	Ongoing