Applications of piggyBac Transposons for Genome Manipulation in Stem Cells

Table 1

Genetic screening using PB transposon.

	Screening purpose	Cell type	Strain	Genes identified	Reference
Loss of function
Drug resistance	6-thioguanine	Blm-deficient ESCs	Mouse	Dnmt1	Guo et al., 2004 (ref [96])
	6-thioguanine	haESCs	Mouse	Msh2, Hprt	Leeb et al., 2011; (ref [100])
	6-thioguanine	haESCs	Mouse	Mismatch repair genes; (Msh2, Msh6, Mlh1)	Pettitt et al., 2013; (ref [124])
	Olaparib; (PARP inhibitor)	haESCs	Mouse	Parp1	Pettitt et al., 2013; (ref [124])
	Talazoparib; (PARP inhibitor)	haESCs	Mouse	Ewsr1	Pettitt et al., 2017; (ref [113])
	Doxorubicin	haESCs	Mouse	Rmi2，Pdk4,; and Acbd6	Liu et al., 2017; (ref [91])
	Tetrodotoxin-like toxicant	haNPCs	Rhesus monkey	B4GALT6	Wang et al., 2018; (ref [38])
	6-thioguanine	haTSCs	Mouse	Hprt	Cui et al., 2019; (ref [155])
	Puromycin	haESCs	Mouse	Lrp6	Mao et al., 2020; (ref [126])
Stem cell-related characteristics	Exit from self-renewal	haESCs	Mouse	Zfp706, Pum1	Leeb et al., 2014; (ref [108])
	Exit-from-pluripotency	haESCs	Mouse	Garnl3, Ifltd1, Sema5a, Cdk5rap2 and Phf21a	Liu et al., 2017; (ref [91])
	Spongiotrophoblast specification	haiTSCs	Mouse	Htra1	Peng et al., 2019; (ref [118])
	Reprogramming factors	haEpiSCs	Mouse	Hs3st3b1	Gao et al., 2021; (ref [122])
	Haploidy maintenance	haESCs	Mouse	Etl4	Zhang et al., 2020; (ref [123])
Gain of function
Drug resistance	PluriSIn-1(SCD1 inhibitor)	ESC	Human	RAS pathway genes	Weissbein et al., [2019]; (ref [127])
Stem cell-related characteristics	Ground state pluripotency	EpiSCs	Mouse	Nr5a	Guo et al., 2010; (ref [35])
	Cell differentiation	ESC	Human	RHOA	Gayle et al., 2015; (ref [156])
	Growth advantage	ESC	Human	RHO-ROCK pathway genes	Weissbein et al., 2019; (ref [127])
	Teratoma formation	ESC	Human	PI3K-AKT and HIPPO pathways genes	Weissbein et al., 2019; (ref [127])