Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Roles in Neurological Disorders

Table 1

Comparison of different isolation methods of exosomes.

Isolation technology	Separation principle	Sample size	Advantages	Disadvantages	Ref
Ultracentrifugation	Molecular size, density, and shape	Large	Low risk of pollution, low reagent cost	Expensive equipment, time-consuming, poor biological activity, and integrity of exosomes	[22]
Size exclusion chromatography	Molecular size	Medium	Yield, purity, integrity, and biological activity of exosomes can be ensured	Special equipment	[23]
Immune-affinity capture	Specific binding of antigen and antibody	Small	High purity	High cost, low yield	[24]
Ultrafiltration	Molecular size and shape	Large	Efficient and convenient	Low purity, exosomes may partially remain on the membrane	[25]
Microfluidic	Immune affinity, size, and density	Small	Fast, low cost, convenient, and automated	The selectivity and specificity need to be verified	[27]