Efficiency of Stem Cell (SC) Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells for Treating Diabetes: a Systematic Review

Table 2

Overview of in vivo differentiation efficacy of SCs into IPC.

Cell source	Intervention (s)	Type of animals	Transplanted site	Methods of transplantation	Observation period	Outcome	Author (year)
BM-SCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from BM-SCs in nonadherent condition	Diabetic mice	Testis	Surgery and injection	3 months	Data showed that IPCS transplantation could normalize the blood glucose levels.	Zhang et al. [35]
BM-SCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from MSCs treating with pancreatic extract	Diabetic rat	Under kidney capsule	Surgery and injection	35 days	Transplantation of these cells better ameliorated the diabetic conditions.	Xie et al. [20]
UC-MSCs	Intravenous injection of IPCs produced in the presence of laminin 411 in culture condition	Diabetic rat	Tail vein	Injection	4 weeks	The results showed that administration of these cells markedly improved the symptoms of diabetes.	Qu et al. [32]
PSCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from PSCs coculturing with islet cells	Diabetic mice	Under kidney capsule	Surgery and injection	90 days	Transplantation of differentiated cells restored euglycemia and improved glucose tolerance.	Oh et al. [28]
PSCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from PSCs by using sequential modulation of multiple signaling pathways	Mice	Under kidney capsule	Surgery and injection	112 days	Transplantation of these cells ameliorated hyperglycemia in diabetic mice.	Pagliuca et al. [18]
iPSCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from hiPSC treating with resveratrol	Diabetic mice	Under kidney capsule	Surgery and injection	6 weeks	Transplantation with differentiated cells could normalize glycemia.	Daniela et al. (2015)
hESCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from hESCS in modified differentiation protocol	Diabetic mice	Epididymal fat pads (EFP)	Surgery	200 days	The hES cell-derived endocrine cells are functionally very similar to adult human islets.	Kroon et al. (2008)
hESCs	Transplant of IPCs derived from hESCS in modified differentiation protocol	Diabetic mice	Under kidney capsule	Surgery and injection	120 days	The results showed that transplantation of these cells rapidly reversed diabetes.	Rezania et al. [17]