Kartogenin Improves Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Autophagy

Figure 3

KGN increases the osteogenic capability of BMMSCs via upregulating autophagy. ARS (a) and semiquantification (b) of mineralized nodules. 3-MA-mediated autophagy suppression inhibited KGN-induced BMMSC osteogenesis. Scale  μm. and , one-way ANOVA test. (c, d) Detection of ALP (green), Runx2 (green), and DAPI (blue) by immunofluorescent staining in BMMSCs. (e, f) Semiquantification of (c) and (d). 3-MA-mediated autophagy suppression inhibited KGN-induced expression of osteogenic genes. Scale  μm. and , one-way ANOVA test. (g) Western blotting, (h, i) semiquantification of (g), and qRT-PCR assay (j, k) of ALP and Runx2. 3-MA-mediated autophagy suppression inhibited KGN-induced expression of osteogenic genes. and , one-way ANOVA test.

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