Palovarotene Can Attenuate Heterotopic Ossification Induced by Tendon Stem Cells by Downregulating the Synergistic Effects of Smad and NF-κB Signaling Pathway following Stimulation of the Inflammatory Microenvironment

Figure 3

Smad signaling pathway was related to inflammatory microenvironment. (a) Western blot analysis and relevant quantitative analysis of P-Smad1/5, Smad1/5, and ID1 in TSCs. Data are (). and . ^# and ^##. mRNA expression analysis of Smad5 and ID1. Data are (). and . ^# and ^##.

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