Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhanced Proangiogenic Potential of Cardiac Fibroblasts via Angiopoietin-Like 4

Figure 1

Characterization of hucMSCs, sEVs, and CFs. (a) The surface markers of hucMSCs measured by flow cytometry. (b) Morphology of hucMSCs. Scale bar: 1000 μm (i) and 500 μm (ii). (c) Morphology of sEVs observed by TEM. Scale bar: 200 nm. (d) Particle size distribution of sEVs measured by NTA. (e) Brownian motion image of hucMSCs. (f) Protein expression of CD9, TSG101, CD81, and calnexin in hucMSCs and sEVs. (g, h) The expression of α-SMA, vimentin, collagen I, periostin, and CD31 on primary CFs was measured by immunofluorescence (g) and western blotting (h). Scale bar: 50 μm.

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