Stem Cell Therapy and Innate Lymphoid Cells

Figure 2

NK cell-mediated cell toxicity: NK cells can be derived from different sources like PB, UCB, ESCs, and CD34+ HSCs, and also from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In the presence of CIS, NK cell cytotoxicity is blocked by inhibition of IL-15 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. In the absence of CIS, NK cells produce more granzyme B and IFN-γ which are involved in tumor eradication. Antibody-mediated blocking of CD47 and CD16 is important for tumor killing; otherwise, they interact with their receptors and send “do not eat me” messages to NK cells and tumors continue to grow.