IGFs in Dentin Formation and Regeneration: Progress and Remaining Challenges

Figure 1

The postevent of IGF1 and IGF1R binding in cells. After IGF1 binds to IGF1R, two main pathways are activated. Ras-GTP expression is enhanced, leading to the activation RAF pathway, thus activating ELK and MAPK pathway. PI3K is activated, then boost AKT and mTOR expression.