Dopamine Suppresses Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via AKT/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Figure 3

DA inhibits osteogenic differentiation and promotes adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. (a) ALP staining of rBMSCs treated with different concentrations of DA after 7 days of differentiation. Optical photos (upper photo) and microscopic images (lower photo). (b) ALP activity of rBMSCs treated with different concentrations of DA after 7 days of differentiation. (c) Calcium nodules assessed by Alizarin Red staining after 14-day osteogenic induction. Optical photos (upper photo) and microscopic images (lower photo). (d) Semiquantification of Alizarin Red staining. (e) The effect of DA on osteogenic-related mRNA expression in rBMSCs evaluated by qRT-PCR assay after 7 days of differentiation. (f, g) The expression levels of osteogenic-related proteins (COL1A1, ALP, RUNX2, OPN, and OCN) detected by western blot. (f) and quantified (g) in the indicated groups with 7-day osteogenic induction. (h) Oil Red “O” staining of rBMSCs treated with different concentrations of DA after 14-day adipogenic induction. (i) The effect of DA on adipogenic-related mRNA (Adipoq, Cebp, Fabp4, Pparr, and Plin1) expression in rBMSCs evaluated by qRT-PCR assay after 14-day adipogenic induction. Scale bar, 100 μm. and .

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