The Combined Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma Clot Releasate and Allogeneic Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

Figure 2

In vitro effects of PRCR, UC-MSCs, and PRCR + UC-MSCs on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis differentiation of DEX-treated BMSCs in the coculture systems. (a) Cocultured with PRCR, UC-MSCs, and PRCR + UC-MSCs, the cell viability of DEX-treated BMSCs was examined by CCK-8 assay. The treatment groups, including the PRCR, UC-MSC, and PRCR + UC-MSC groups, significantly promoted the BMSC proliferation inhibited by DEX (). (b) Migration activities of DEX-treated BMSCs were examined by Transwell assay in different coculture conditions, followed by quantitative analysis. The treatment groups significantly promoted the BMSC migration inhibited by DEX (). (c, d) Representative images of ALP staining (day 7) and ALR staining (day 14) under osteogenic medium in different coculture conditions, followed by quantitative analysis. The treatment groups significantly promoted the BMSC osteogenic differentiation inhibited by DEX (). (e) Western blotting was conducted to evaluate the RUNX2 expression. Higher levels of RUNX2 protein were detected in all the treatment groups compared to the DEX group () (, ^#Comparisons between the DEX group and other groups, ; Comparisons between the two groups, ). PRCR: platelet-rich plasma clot releasate; UC-MSCs: umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; BMSCs: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; DEX: dexamethasone; CCK-8: cell counting kit-8 assay; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALR: alizarin red.

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