Composition, Biogenesis, and Role of Exosomes in Tumor Development

Figure 1

Exosome biogenesis and secretion. First, insertion of the cell membrane leads to the formation of early endosomes, and then, endosomes containing RNA and cytosolic proteins are transformed into MVB structures with dynamic subcellular structures. After that, MVBs can be fused with lysosomes and degraded or secreted by plasma membranes and formed exosomes. Finally, exosomes release their cargo, such as DNA, microRNA, and proteins, into the recipient cell in a variety of ways. MVBs: multivesicular bodies.