Insight in Hypoxia-Mimetic Agents as Potential Tools for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming in Regenerative Medicine

Table 1

Effect of hypoxia on MSC surface markers.

Treatment conditions		Types of stem cells	The effect compared to normoxia (method of analysis)	Ref.
O2 concentration	Time/passage
1%	2 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD44 and TF) and negative markers (CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR); decreased level of CD73, CD90, and CD105 (flow cytometry)	[57]
1%	10 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD90, and TF) and negative markers (CD45, CD34, Cd11b, CD19, and HLA-DR); decreased level of CD105 and CD44 (flow cytometry)	[57]
1%	14 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, CD 146, and MHC class I) and negative markers (CD45, CD34, and HLA-DR) (flow cytometry)	[58]
1%	21 d	hAD-MSC	No changes in positive (CD90 and CD105); increased level of negative markers (CD34, CD54, and CD 166) (flow cytometry)	[62]
2%	2 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD44, CD90, and CD105) and negative markers (CD11b, CD19, CD45, CD34, and HLA-DR) (flow cytometry)	[57]
2%	12 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD90, CD73, and CD105) and negative markers (CD31, CD34, CD45, and CD80) (flow cytometry)	[63]
2%	7 passages	hBM-MSC	Upregulation of Oct4 and REX-1 (RT-PCR)	[38]
2%	10 passages	hWJ-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD105, CD90, CD44, CD10, CD29, and CD13) and negative markers (CD14, CD34, CD33, CD45, and HLA-DR) (flow cytometry); increased level of DNMT3B, CRABP2, IL6ST, IFITM1, GRB7, IMP2, LIN28, and KIT (RT-PCR)	[64]
2.5%	>72 h	hUCB-MSC	No changes in positive (CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105) and negative markers (CD14, CD34, CD45, CD271, and HLA-DR) (flow cytometry); upregulation of Oct4, NANOG (RT-PCR)	[60]
2.5%	>72 h	hUCB-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD44, CD105, and CD90) and negative markers (CD14, CD45, and CD106) (flow cytometry)	[65]
5%	2 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD44, CD90, and CD73) and negative markers (CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR); reduced level of CD105 (flow cytometry)	[57]
5%	14 d	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD73, CD90, CD44, CD105, and STRO-1) and negative markers (CD34); reduced level of CD146 and CD45 (flow cytometry)	[65]
5%	Primary cells and passage 2	hBM-MSC	No changes in positive (CD29, CD73, CD90, CD44, CD105, and STRO-1) and negative markers (CD45 and CD34) (flow cytometry)	[66]

Hypoxic preconditioning in 2.5% O₂ for 15 minutes, then reoxygenation at 21% O₂ for 30 minutes, and again hypoxia preconditioning at 2.5% O₂ for 3 days; h: human; d: day/days; UCB: umbilical cord blood.