Insight in Hypoxia-Mimetic Agents as Potential Tools for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming in Regenerative Medicine

Table 7

Effect of pharmaceutically and chemically derived hypoxia on MSC engraftment, migration, and secretion profile.

Treatment conditions		Stem cell type	The effect compared to normoxia (methods of analysis)	Ref
An agent/concentration	Time
DFO/10 μM	2 days	hBM-MSC	VEGF upregulated (RT-PCR)	[61]
DFO/50-300 μM	1 day	hAD-MSC	VEGF increased, the higher DFO concentration induced the higher VEGF expression (qPCR)	[102]
DFO/60-600 μM	20 h	hBM-MSC	CX3CR1and CXCR4 upregulated (RT-PCR), CX3CR1 and CXCR4 increased (WB)	[172]
DFO/100 μM	1-3 days	rBM-MSC	Cxcr4 upregulated (RT-PCR), homing capacities in a NIHL rat model enhanced via PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway (WB)	[100]
DFO/100 μM	2 days	hWJ-MSC	VEGF upregulated (qRT-PCR), mobilization and homing capacities increased	[115]
DFO/150 μM	1 day	hAD-MSC	VEGF increased (ELISA)	[102]
CoCl2/50-300 μM	1 day	hAD-MSC	VEGF increased, the higher CoCl2 concentration the higher VEGF expression in the range of 50-150 μM, at 300 μM slightly dropped compared to VEGF expression at 150 μM (qPCR)	[102]
DMOG/500 μM	1 day	hBM-MSC	VEGF increased (WB), angiogenesis increased (tube formation test in the Matrigel), engraftment ability improved, cardiac function improved (left ventricular ejection fraction evaluation), rat model of MI	[92]
DMOG/500 μM +1%O2	2 days	rBM-MSC	VEGF upregulated (RT-PCR), VEGF increased (WB, ELISA), angiogenic capability increased in vitro and in vivo (tube formation test, Matrigel, rat bone defect model)	[80]
DNP/0.25 mM	20 min	rBM-MSC	The cardiomyogenic genes (Anp, Gata-4, Nkx2.5, Vegf, and Con43) upregulated (RT-PCR); improvement in cardiac function and significant reduction in scar formation in the rat model of MI	[159]
DNP/0.25 mM	20 min	Coculture; rBM-MSC; CM	Igf, Hgf, Vegf, Il-7, and Il-7r upregulated (RT-PCR)	[94]
ISO/2%	4 h	hBM-MSC	CXCR4 increased (WB), cell migration increased (hematoxylin and eosin staining, cell count) on a rat stroke model, engraftment and recovery improved	[98]

20 minutes of treatment with 0.25 mM and then reoxidation either 2 hours or 1 day in 21% O₂. h: human; r: rat.