Small Extracellular Vesicles from Inflamed Adipose Derived Stromal Cells Enhance the NF-κB-Dependent Inflammatory/Catabolic Environment of Osteoarthritis

Figure 6

sEVs_IL-1 effects on the protein release of major inflammatory molecules (IL-1β, IL-1ra, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-8, and MCP-1) as assessed by Bioplex. Flanked results obtained from chondrocytes (white pattern), synoviocytes (grey pattern), and co-culture of these cells (pixelated pattern). For each cell type, results are shown obtained in CTR, sEVs, or sEVs_IL-1 conditions. Each graph reports data collected from 3 independent sEVs samples and expressed as . Data were compared by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, with , , and .