Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by Modulating the IRE1α Branch of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response

Figure 3

ER stress was involved in TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells. (a) A549 cells were treated with 10 ng/ml TGF-β1 for different times. The protein expression levels of CHOP, BiP, ATF6, ATF4, and XBP-1s were measured using western blotting and quantified using densitometry in ImageJ software (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test). (b) Effects of TM (1, 2, and 5 μM) on the viability of A549 cells after 48 hr (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s test). (c) A549 cells were treated with TM (0.5, 1 and 2 μM) for 48 hr. The protein expression levels of CHOP, BiP, ATF6, ATF4, and XBP-1s were measured using western blotting and quantified using densitometry in ImageJ software (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test). (d) The protein expression levels of E-cadherin and vimentin were measured using western blotting and quantified using densitometry in ImageJ software (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test). The data are shown as the means ± SEMs (, vs. the control group).

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