HMGB1 Modulates High Glucose-Induced Erroneous Differentiation of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells through RAGE/β-Catenin Pathway

Figure 5

Increased HMGB1 activates the RAGE/β-catenin signaling pathway. (a–d) Western blot analysis of RAGE, β-catenin, and TCF-4 expression in TSPCs during osteogenic induction under normal and high glucose. (e–h) Western blot analysis of RAGE, β-catenin, and TCF-4 expression in TSPCs during osteogenic induction with different concentrations of recombinant HMGB1 (0, 50, and 100 ng/ml). (i–k) Western blot analysis of RAGE and β-catenin expression in TSPCs after HMGB1 knockdown during osteogenic induction. (l–n) Western blot analysis of β-catenin and TCF-4 expression in TSPCs treated with the RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1 (10 μM) during osteogenic induction. KD, knockdown; vector, negative control vector. .

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