Stimulated Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance the Osteogenesis and Cranial Bone Regeneration through IL-32 Mediated P38 Signaling Pathway

Figure 1

Osteogenic differentiation ability were enhanced under the stimulation by the inflammatory factors: (a) cell morphology; (b) antibody (CD73, CD90, CD105, CD14, CD34, and CD45) by the flow cytometry; (c) oil red o staining; (d) alkaline phosphatase staining; (e) Aalizarin red staining; (f) semiquantitative analysis of mineral compounds; (g) mRNA expression of genes on the adipogenic differentiation; (h) mRNA expression of genes on the osteogenic differentiation; (i) protein levels of PPARγ and C/EBPα; and (j) protein levels of RUNX2, ALP, BMP2, and DLX5. All pooled data were represented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3/group). , , .

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